First record of four Alysiinae species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Brazil.

Studying material from decayed fruits, dung, carrion, “sweeping” vegetation, Malaise, Moericke and light traps from Brazilian localities, four Alysiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) species were found: Aphaereta confusa Wharton, 1994; Idiasta (Idiasta) delicata (Papp, 1969); Gnathopleura astarte (Haliday, 1838) and G. semirufa (Brullé, 1846) specimens. All these species have Neotropical distribution, but this is a first recording for Brazil. Many species of Ichneumonoidea have been studied in several Brazilian ecosystems (Arouca and PenteadoDias, 2006; Loffredo and Penteado-Dias, 2008 a,b; Onody et al., in press a,b; Shimbori and Penteado-Dias, 2005). Aphaereta confusa (Figures 1 and 2) has been collected only in Mexico; Idiasta (Idiasta) delicata (Figure 6) in Argentina, Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Peru and Venezuela; and their biology is unknown. Gnathopleura astarte (Figure 5) is known from Cuba, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent and Venezuela and G. semirufa (Figure 3 and 4) from French Guiana, Guyana, Peru and Trinidad and Tobago. Gnathopleura astarte and G. semirufa have been reared from the dipterous Calliphoridae, Muscidae and Sarcophagidae usually in association with dung and carrion (Wharton, 1984). The information on the area of sampling, date, quantity and specimens sex are shown in Table 1. The specimens are deposited in the collection (DCBU) of the Federal University of São Carlos, in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.